This lab sheet guides your homeschooler through building a working telegraph circuit using a 1.5V AA battery, an SPST push button switch, a 330-ohm resistor, and an LED. The guiding question, how can we send messages using electrical signals, anchors the experiment in real communication history. A background section explains how Morse code encodes letters and numbers as short and long signals, and a circuit diagram shows exactly how the components connect before your student touches a single wire. Designed for grades 4-7, this is a strong fit for a unit study on electricity, communication technology, or the history of science.

Making a simple telegraph using Morse code works equally well as a standalone lesson or as part of a broader electricity sequence alongside series and parallel circuit experiments. The full Morse code chart on the sheet, covering every letter A through Z and digits 0 through 9, lets your student encode and decode real messages with a partner rather than simply watch the LED blink. Three reflection questions at the bottom ask what happened when the button was pressed, how dots and dashes help send messages, and what the student learned about communication and signals, giving you a built-in way to assess conceptual understanding beyond the build itself.